ABSTRAK
Untai Simulasi Sirkulasi Alam (USSA) FTS01 adalah fasilitas untuk
mempelajari fenomena dari sirkulasi alam pada sistem tertutup. Pada USSA-
FTS01 ini sumber panas dan sumber dingin berasal dari water-jacket dan band
heater untuk menganalogikan sebagai sumber energi yang berasal dari alam.
USSA-FTS01 ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari karakteristik laju aliran pada
water-jacket cooler berdasarkan perubahan laju aliran pendinginan refrigerasi.
Komponen utama dari fasilitas USSA-FTS01 ini adalah sistem tube yang
membentuk untai tertutup dengan dimensi diameter tube 1 inci, tinggi 2 meter dan
lebar 1 meter dan berbahan material stainless steel 304, satu pendingin yang
berasal dari refrigeran yang tersistem langsung ke water-jacket, satu rangkaian
band heater yang terdiri dari lima band heater yang berdaya total 1 kW.
Pemahaman tentang perpindahan kalor dan laju aliran di daerah water-jacket
cooler perlu dilakukan. Sehingga penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan laju
aliran di bagian tube water-jacket cooler. Metode penelitian dilakukan secara
eksperimen dengan merubah laju aliran pendinginan refrigerasi dengan variasi
laju aliran pendinginan refrigerasi 3,5 lpm, 4 lpm, 4,5 lpm, 5 lpm, 5,5 lpm pada
daya band heater ditetapkan pada 784,1 W (tegangan 180 volt). Analisis
dilakukan dengan menggunakan data karakteristik perubahan temperatur TC-IN
dan TC-OUT berdasarkan variasi laju aliran pendingin refrigerasi. Hasil penelitian
menujukan bahwa semakin besar laju aliran pendingin refrigerasi menyebabkan
kenaikan laju aliran sirkulasi alam, secara berturut-turut pada laju aliran
refrigerasi 3,5 lpm ? = 0,007606 kg/s dan Qcooler = 0,4636 LPM, pada laju
aliran pendinginan refrigerasi 4 lpm ? = 0,007964 kg/s dan Qcooler = 0,4852
LPM, pada laju aliran pendinginan refrigerasi 4,5 lpm ? = 0,008268 kg/s dan
Qcooler = 0,5033 LPM, pada laju aliran pendinginan refrigerasi 5 lpm ? =
0,008417 kg/s dan Qcooler = 0,5118 LPM, dan pada laju aliran pendinginan
refrigerasi 5,5 lpm ? = 0,008620 kg/s dan Qcooler = 0,5188 LPM.
Kata kunci: Laju aliran, sirkulasi alam, water-jacket, refrigerasi, USSA-FTS01.
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ABSTRACT
USSA-FTS01 is a facility for studying the phenomena of natural
circulation in a closed system. In USSA-FTS01, the heat source and cold source
come from water-jacket and band heater to analogize it as an energy source that
comes from nature. USSA-FTS01 aims to study the flow rate characteristics of the
water-jacket cooler based on changes in the refrigeration flow rate. The main
components of the USSA-FTS01 facility are tube systems that form a closed strand
with 1 inch diameter tube dimensions, 2 meters height and 1 meter width and are
made of stainless steel 304 material, one cooler that comes from refrigerants that
are systemized directly into the water-jacket, a series of band heaters consisting
of five band heaters which have a total power of 1kW. An understanding of heat
transfer and flow rate in the water-jacket cooler area needs to be done. So this
study aims to determine the flow rate in the tube water-jacket cooler. The
research method was carried out experimentally by changing the refrigeration
cooling flow rate with a variation of the refrigeration flow rate of 3.5 lpm, 4 lpm,
4.5 lpm, 5 lpm, 5.5 lpm at the band heater power set at 784.1 W (180 voltage
volt). The analysis was performed using TC-IN and TC-OUT temperature change
characteristic data based on variations in the refrigeration flow rate. The results
showed that the greater the refrigeration refrigerant flow rate causes an increase
in the flow rate of natural circulation, respectively at a refrigeration flow rate of
3.5 lpm ? = 0.007606 kg / s and Qcooler = 0.4636 LPM, the refrigeration flow
rate 4 lpm 0, = 0.007964 kg / s and Qcooler = 0.4852 LPM, at the refrigeration
flow rate of 4.5 lpm ? = 0.008268 kg / s and Qcooler = 0.5033 LPM, at the
refrigeration flow rate of 5 lpm ? = 0.008417 kg / s and Qcooler = 0.5118 LPM,
and at the refrigeration flow rate of 5.5 lpm ? = 0.008620 kg / s and Qcooler =
0.5188 LPM.
Keywords: Flow rate, natural circulation, water-jacket, refrigeration, USSA
FTS01.