This research investigates the problems faced by English as a Foreign Language
(EFL) teachers in implementing the Kurikulum Merdeka in junior high schools, as
well as the actions they take to deal with those problems. Using a qualitative case
study approach, the data were collected through classroom observations and semi
structured interviews with two EFL teachers in Bogor. The findings revealed
several key problems encountered by teachers, including limited technological
facilities, classroom management issues due to large class sizes, students’ low
motivation, time constraints, and difficulties in attending professional training.
Despite these obstacles, the teachers responded by taking concrete actions such as
conducting group work, using simple offline media, and applying contextual
learning activities to maintain student engagement. The study concludes that
successful implementation of Kurikulum Merdeka requires not only teacher
competence but also adequate institutional support, flexible training schedules, and
sufficient infrastructure. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of real
conditions in the field and offer insights for improving EFL instruction under the
Kurikulum Merdeka framework.

Keywords: Classroom Management, EFL Teachers, Implementation Problems,
Kurikulum Merdeka, Professional Training, Qualitative Research.